Which factor is commonly involved in the development of caries on the coronal surface?

Which factor is commonly involved in the development of caries on the coronal surface?

• A. Plaque
• B. Fluoride
• C. Saliva
• D. Water intake

Answer: (A)

Caries on the coronal surface is driven by dental plaque biofilm. This plaque harbors cariogenic bacteria that metabolize fermentable sugars from the diet and produce acids in situ. The acid lowers the local pH at the enamel, causing demineralization and the start of a carious lesion on the crown. Plaque is the key factor because it is the site where acid production occurs directly at the tooth surface. Fluoride helps by promoting remineralization and reducing acid production within plaque, saliva provides buffering and minerals, and water intake influences dilution and clearance, but the presence and activity of the plaque biofilm is what initiates and sustains coronal caries.

Caries on the coronal surface is driven by dental plaque biofilm. This plaque harbors cariogenic bacteria that metabolize fermentable sugars from the diet and produce acids in situ. The acid lowers the local pH at the enamel, causing demineralization and the start of a carious lesion on the crown. Plaque is the key factor because it is the site where acid production occurs directly at the tooth surface. Fluoride helps by promoting remineralization and reducing acid production within plaque, saliva provides buffering and minerals, and water intake influences dilution and clearance, but the presence and activity of the plaque biofilm is what initiates and sustains coronal caries.